What is perimenopause?
Perimenopause refers to the time leading up to menopause, when a woman's body makes the natural transition toward permanent infertility. The perimenopausal phase usually begins in a woman's 40s, but can start as early as the mid-30s. It lasts up until menopause, which is marked by 12 consecutive months without a period.
Key changes and symptoms
Some of the key changes that happen during the perimenopausal transition include:
- Irregular periods - This is often one of the first signs. Menstrual cycles may be longer or shorter, heavier or lighter, and more inconsistent.
- Hot flashes - Sudden feelings of intense body heat, flushing, and sweating are common. These uncomfortable hot flashes can disrupt sleep.
- Vaginal dryness - Lower estrogen levels can cause thinner, drier vaginal tissues. This can make intercourse painful.
- Mood changes - Shifting hormones may cause mood swings, anxiety, irritability, or depression.
- Other symptoms - Headaches, trouble sleeping, weight gain, bladder issues, and loss of breast fullness may also occur.
The severity and duration of symptoms varies significantly among women. While some may have moderate issues, others breeze through perimenopause without much difficulty.
Treatment options
There are treatment options that can help alleviate bothersome symptoms:
- Hormone therapy - Low doses of estrogen and progestin can ease hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and stabilization of moods.
- Vaginal estrogen - Localized, low-dose estrogen in creams, tablets, or rings specifically helps relieve vaginal dryness and discomfort.
- Antidepressants - SSRI drugs may be prescribed to address mood changes.
- Lifestyle changes - Some women find relief through regular exercise, stress reduction, avoiding triggers, layering clothing, consuming soy foods, practicing meditation, etc.
The journey through perimenopause is unique for each woman. Understanding this natural transition and having an open dialogue with your healthcare provider can help you manage any challenging symptoms along the way. There are many strategies and therapies available if you require relief or support at Harmonize Hormones.