Hypogonadism - Harmonize Hormones

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What is hypogonadism?

Hypogonadism refers to a condition in which the body does not produce enough testosterone. This happens when the gonads (testes or ovaries) do not function properly.

The signs and symptoms of hypogonadism differ slightly between males and females.

In males, symptoms may include:

• Decreased facial and body hair
• Breast growth
• Loss of muscle mass
• Low sex drive and impotence

In females, symptoms can include:

• Infrequent or absent periods
• Infertility
• Reduced sex drive

There are two main types of hypogonadism:

• Primary hypogonadism occurs when there is a problem with the testes or ovaries specifically. This could be due to genetic disorders, aging, infection, autoimmune conditions, or injury.
• Secondary hypogonadism indicates there is an issue with the pituitary gland or hypothalamus in the brain. These gland problems disrupt signals between the brain and gonads that stimulate sex hormone production.

What causes low testosterone?

Some potential causes of low testosterone and hypogonadism include:

• Normal aging - testosterone levels peak in the 20s and gradually decline with age
• Testicular infection or injury
• Chemotherapy or radiation treatments
• Medications
• Chronic illness
• Obesity
• Type 2 diabetes
• Inflammatory disease
• HIV/AIDS
• Genetic diseases

How is hypogonadism diagnosed?

If hypogonadism is suspected, a doctor will check testosterone levels with a simple blood test. Levels below 300 nanograms per deciliter generally indicate low testosterone.

The doctor will also assess symptoms and perform exams to rule out potential underlying illness. Genetic testing may be recommended for some patients to check for chromosomal abnormalities.

How is hypogonadism treated?

Treatment focuses on replacing testosterone to prevent complications from low levels. Options may include:

• Testosterone replacement therapy (patches, gels, injections)
• Gonadotropin therapy to stimulate testosterone production
• Lifestyle changes - weight loss, stress reduction, exercise
• Treating underlying condition causing low testosterone

The treatment plan will depend on age, symptoms, and goals for therapy. Lifelong treatment is often required, with regular monitoring by a doctor at Harmonize Hormones.